Syntax
#include <iconv.h>
size_t iconv(iconv_t cd, char **inbuf, size_t *insize,
char **outbuf, size_t *outsize);
Description
iconv converts a sequence of characters in one encoded character set, in the array indirectly pointed to by inbuf and converts them to a sequence of corresponding characters in another encoded character set. It stores the corresponding sequence in the array indirectly pointed to by outbuf. cd is the conversion descriptor returned from iconv_open that describes which codesets are used in the conversion.
inbuf points to a variable that points to the first character of input, and insize indicates the number of bytes of input. outbuf points to a variable that points to the first character of output, and outsize indicates the number of available bytes for output.
As iconv converts the characters, it updates the variable pointed to by inbuf to point to the next byte in the input buffer, and updates the variable pointed to by outbut to the byte following the last successfully converted character. It also decrements insize and outsize to reflect the number of bytes of input remaining and the number of bytes still available for output, respectively. If the entire input string is converted, insize will be 0; if an error stops the conversion, insize will have a nonzero value.
Sharing a conversion descriptor in iconv across multiple threads may result in undefined behavior.
iconv returns the number of nonidentical conversions (substitutions). If an error occurs, conversion stops after the previous successfully converted character; iconv returns (size_t)-1, and sets errno to one of the following values: compact break=fit.
Value
This example converts an array of characters coded in encoded character set IBM-850 (in in) to an array of characters coded in encoded character set IBM-037 (stored in out).
#include <iconv.h>#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
const char fromcode[] = "IBM-850";
const char tocode[] = "IBM-037";
iconv_t cd;
char in[] = "ABCDEabcde";
size_t in_size;
char *inptr = in;
char out[100];
size_t out_size = sizeof(out);
char *outptr = out;
int i;
if ((iconv_t)(-1) == (cd = iconv_open(tocode, fromcode))) {
printf("Failed to iconv_open %s to %s.\n", fromcode, tocode);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Convert the first 3 characters in array "in". */
in_size = 3;
if ((size_t)(-1) == iconv(cd, &inptr, &in_size, &outptr, &out_size)) {
printf("Fail to convert first 3 characters to new code set.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
/* Convert the rest of the characters in array "in". */
in_size = sizeof(in) - 3;
if ((size_t)(-1) == iconv(cd, &inptr, &in_size, &outptr, &out_size)) {
printf("Fail to convert the rest of the characters to new code set.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
*outptr = '\0';
printf("The hex representation of string %s are:\n In codepage %s ==> ",
in, fromcode);
for (i = 0; in[i] != '\0'; i++) {
printf("0x%02x ", in[i]);
}
printf("\n In codepage %s ==> ", tocode);
for (i = 0; out[i] != '\0'; i++) {
printf("0x%02x ", out[i]);
}
if (-1 == iconv_close(cd)) {
printf("Fail to iconv_close.\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
return 0;
/****************************************************************************
The output should be similar to :
The hex representation of string ABCDEabcde are:
In codepage IBM-850 ==> 0x41 0x42 0x43 0x44 0x45 0x61 0x62 0x63 0x64 0x65
In codepage IBM-037 ==> 0xc1 0xc2 0xc3 0xc4 0xc5 0x81 0x82 0x83 0x84 0x85
****************************************************************************/
}
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